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GENETIC INFORMATION: LEGAL NATURE AND CONCEPTUAL AND CATEGORICAL APPARATUS
Résumé
The authors conduct a thorough analysis of the legal nature of genetic information and its definition in the context of Ukrainian and European Union legislation. It is established that genetic information, which is the basis for the development of medicine, opens up new horizons for improving the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of not only patients with rare diseases, but also any diseases, but the circulation of such genetic information raises a number of legal challenges. The article examines the existing approaches to legal regulation of such relations, in particular, the issue of defining the concept of "genetic information". A comparative analysis of approaches to the definition and regulation of relations regarding genetic information in the laws of Ukraine and the European Union is made, with an emphasis on the need to harmonise Ukrainian legislation with international standards. The authors emphasises the importance of developing a clear and effective regulatory framework that would ensure a balance between the protection of human rights and the possibilities of using genetic information for the public good. The problems arising from the different interests of the parties that have access to genetic data, including government agencies, insurance companies and medical institutions, are revealed. The author offers recommendations for improving Ukrainian legislation aimed at increasing the level of protection of genetic information and its compliance with international standards. Particular attention is focused on the need to improve the terminology used in national legal acts in order to avoid legal uncertainty and ensure clearer regulation of genetic data. It is stated that this study is an important contribution to the study of the legal aspects of genetic information, and the author emphasises the need to continue working on optimising the legal environment which would take into account both the human right to privacy and the general interests of society.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/revistajur.2316-753X.v3i83.8076
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