GLOBALIZAÇÃO, ACOMPLAMENTO E DESACOMPLAMENTO TECNOCOMERCIAL: BREVIÁRIO SOBRE O ESTADO DE DIREITO

José Adercio Leite SAMPAIO, Meire FURBINO, Camila Ramos Celestino SILVA

Resumen


Contextualização: A implantação da tecnologia 5G traz à tona a disputa travada entre EUA e China, e os reflexos nos demais países, bem como os impactos dessas ferramentas de hipervigilância aos standards de Direitos Humanos.

Objetivo: Analisar as questões atinentes à implementação da tecnologia do 5G, à luz do recente conflito EUA x China, com intuito de investigar como o desenvolvimento das tecnologias em rede representam o aprimoramento de mecanismos de vigilância e de controle. Debater os impactos aos postulados fundamentais da Democracia e do Estado de Direito.

Metodologia: Aplicou-se o método normativo-dedutivo, fundado em revisão bibliográfica nacional e estrangeira,  com estudo dos instrumentos jurídicos discutidos ou aplicados nos EUA, China, União Europeia e Brasil, atinentes à tecnologia 5G e suas consequências.

Resultados: Apurou-se que os debates acerca da implementação da inovação da Huawei ilustram o estabelecimento de uma corrida tecnológica global, na qual cria-se uma polarização ideológica, em que a conduta da hipervigilância, do controle e da predição disputará com os valores tradicionais emergidos no Estado de Direito, como controle do poder e afetação dos direitos fundamentais.

Conclusões: O avanço das tecnologias de comunicação (5G), reflete a disputa pela hegemonia do poder geopolítico, econômico e comunicacional, protagonizada entre ocidente e oriente. Além da disputa de plataformas e mercados, está em jogo o (pre)domínio do uso da tecnologia, e o controle ou monopólio de sistemas em rede. As facilidades oferecidas servem para aprimorar a vigilância, a espionagem, a sabotagem, o sequestro de dados, o “hackeamento”, importando em riscos de supressão (ou ao menos enfraquecimento) dos valores democráticos.

Palavras-chave: Vigilância; Geopolítica; Soberania; Estado Democrático de Direito; Direitos Fundamentais.

 

ABSTRACT

Background: The implementation of 5G technology brings to light the dispute between the US and China, and the effects on other countries, as well as the impacts of these hypervigilance tools on Human Rights standards.

 

Objective: To analyze the issues related to the implementation of 5G technology, considering the recent US-China conflict with aim to investigate how the development of network technologies represents the improvement of surveillance and control mechanisms. Discuss the impacts on the fundamental postulates of Democracy and the Rule of Law.

 

Methodology: It was applied the deductive and normative research approach, based on a national and foreign literature review, with a study of the legal instruments discussed or applied in the USA, China, European Union, and Brazil, related to 5G technology and its consequences.

 

Results: It was found that the debates about the implementation of Huawei's innovation illustrate the establishment of a global technological race, in which an ideological polarization is created in which the conduct of hypervigilance, control and prediction will compete with traditional values emerged in the rule of law, such as control of power and affectation of fundamental rights.

Conclusions: The advance of communication technologies (5G) reflects the dispute for the geopolitical, economic, and communicational power hegemony, played out between the West and the East. In addition to the dispute over platforms and markets, what is at stake is the predominance of the use of technology, and the control or monopoly of networked systems. The facilities offered serve to improve surveillance, espionage, sabotage, data hijacking, “hacking”, leading to the risk of suppressing (or at least weakening) democratic values.

 

Keywords: Surveillance; Geopolitics; Sovereignty; Democratic Rule of Law; Fundamental rights.

 


Palabras clave


Vigilância; Geopolítica; Soberania; Estado Democrático de Direito; Direitos Fundamentais.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/revistajur.2316-753X.v5i67.5631

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