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A GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF GOVERNANCE ON IMPROVING TOURISM COMPETITIVENESS
Resumo
ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the influence of governance on tourism competitiveness as measured by tourism GDP per capita, using structural equation modeling.
Methodology: The study was descriptive correlational and applied quantitative documentary approach. Data from secondary sources from the World Bank and The World Travel & Tourism were used to obtain measures of governance and tourism GDP for 172 countries during the year 2021.
Results: Governance was found to have a significant influence on tourism competitiveness, with government effectiveness, regulatory quality and rule of law emerging as the main predictors of governance. It was also found that most countries with high tourism performance have good governance, especially those countries that are small and specialized in tourism. Developed countries enjoy a high governance index, but do not lead the ranking in tourism GDP per capita. Countries with low tourism performance have poor governance.
Conclusions: Governance is a crucial factor in the success or failure of the tourism sector, and the positive and significant relationship between governance and tourism competitiveness has important implications for the formulation of policies and strategies to promote sustainable tourism development.
Keywords: Governance; tourism competitiveness; tourism GDP per capita
RESUMO
Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a influência da governança na competitividade do turismo, medida pelo PIB per capita do turismo, usando modelagem de equação estrutural.
Metodologia: O estudo foi descritivo correlacional e aplicou uma abordagem documental quantitativa. Foram usados dados de fontes secundárias do Banco Mundial e da The World Travel & Tourism para obter medidas de governança e PIB do turismo para 172 países durante o ano de 2021.
Resultados: Verificou-se que a governança tem uma influência significativa na competitividade do turismo, com a eficácia do governo, a qualidade regulatória e o estado de direito emergindo como os principais preditores da governança. Também foi constatado que a maioria dos países com alto desempenho no turismo tem boa governança, especialmente os países pequenos e especializados em turismo. Os países desenvolvidos têm um alto índice de governança, mas não lideram a classificação do PIB per capita do turismo. Os países com baixo desempenho no turismo têm governança ruim.
Conclusões: A governança é um fator crucial para o sucesso ou fracasso do setor de turismo, e a relação positiva e significativa entre governança e competitividade do turismo tem implicações importantes para a formulação de políticas e estratégias para promover o desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável.
Palavras-Chave: Governança, competitividade do turismo, PIB per capita do turismo.
RESUMEN
Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio era identificar la influencia de la gobernanza en la competitividad del turismo, medida por el PIB turístico per cápita, utilizando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales.
Metodología: El estudio fue descriptivo correlacional y aplicó un enfoque documental cuantitativo. Se utilizaron datos de fuentes secundarias del Banco Mundial y The World Travel & Tourism para obtener medidas de gobernanza y PIB turístico de 172 países durante el año 2021.
Resultados: Se comprobó que la gobernanza influye significativamente en la competitividad turística, y que la eficacia del gobierno, la calidad de la reglamentación y el Estado de Derecho son los principales factores predictivos de la gobernanza. También se constató que la mayoría de los países con un alto rendimiento turístico tienen una buena gobernanza, especialmente los países pequeños y especializados en turismo. Los países desarrollados tienen una elevada puntuación en materia de gobernanza, pero no encabezan la clasificación por PIB turístico per cápita. Los países con bajos resultados turísticos tienen una gobernanza deficiente.
Conclusiones: La gobernanza es un factor crucial para el éxito o el fracaso del sector turístico, y la relación positiva y significativa entre gobernanza y competitividad turística tiene importantes implicaciones para la formulación de políticas y estrategias que promuevan el desarrollo sostenible del turismo.
Palabras clave: gobernanza, competitividad turística, PIB turístico per cápita.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26668/revistajur.2316-753X.v2i74.6372
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