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QUAIS ATIVIDADES ECONÔMICAS POSSUEM UM MELHOR DESEMPENHO SUSTENTÁVEL? UMA ANÁLISE MULTIVARIADA NAS EMPRESAS DO ÍNDICE DE SUSTENTABILIDADE EMPRESARIAL DA BOLSA DO BRASIL
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O Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial (ISE) da Bolsa de Valores Brasileira, enquanto quarto índice mundial e primeiro da América Latina a integrar os três pilares da sustentabilidade, ambiental, social e econômico, denota expressiva representatividade para o movimento do meio corporativo na busca pelo Desenvolvimento Sustentável (DS). O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os desempenhos médios setoriais nas dimensões que compõem o ISE. A pesquisa teve caráter descritivo, abordagem quantitativa e fonte de dados documental. A técnica utilizada foi a Análise Multivariada de Variância (MANOVA), dado o caráter plural do índice, que agrega seis dimensões na análise do desempenho sustentável, com dez setores de atividade econômica envolvidos. A MANOVA apresentou resultado estatisticamente significativo para a variável independente, indicando que, de um modo geral, o desempenho do ISE é diferente por setor de atividade, sendo confirmada a H1 de que o desempenho das organizações no ISE é influenciado pelo setor de atividade econômica. Ademais, ANOVAs subsequentes evidenciaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no desempenho setorial de todas as seis dimensões, havendo a confirmação das demais hipóteses da pesquisa. Os resultados demonstraram um desempenho superior do setor de Telecomunicações nas seis dimensões de análise, indicando certo pioneirismo das empresas deste ramo em termos de desempenho sustentável.
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