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THE SOCIO-LEGAL CONDITIONALITY OF THE CONSOLIDATION OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR PUBLIC CALLS TO CARRY OUT ACTIVITIES DIRECTED AGAINST THE SECURITY OF THE STATE
Abstract
Objective: This study explores the socio-legal, political, and historical underpinnings of the introduction of Article 280.4 into the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The article criminalizes public calls for actions against state security, aiming to address emerging threats and ensure the stability of state institutions.
Methods: The research applies to a multi-method approach, including legal-historical analysis, formal-legal methods, and content analysis. An expert survey involving 220 legal professionals was conducted to validate the necessity of legislative changes. Comparative analysis of related criminal provisions and case law, including precedent from Russian courts, was also carried out.
Results: The analysis revealed that the criminalization under Article 280.4 reflects both continuity with existing legal frameworks and responses to new geopolitical realities. The provision's implementation faces challenges, such as legal ambiguity and potential misapplication due to its complex structure and extratextual references. Despite criticism, the article is seen as a tool for enhancing information security and preempting destabilizing influences. Survey data showed that 93% of experts supported a return to a more detailed articulation of the offenses considered threats to state security.
Conclusion: Article 280.4 represents a modern legislative response to hybrid and informational threats against Russian statehood. While its preventive potential is recognized, legal clarity and consistent application remain. The study advocates amendments that covered offenses directly within the article to improve legal certainty and safeguard constitutional rights.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21902/Revrima.v3i45.8015
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