DIGITAL DIVIDE IN PERUVIAN HIGHER EDUCATION: A POST-PANDEMIC REVIEW

Juan José Flores-Cueto, Rafael Garay-Argandoña, Ronald M. Hernández, Miguel A. Saavedra-López, Jacqueline C. Ponce-Meza

Resumen


By early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic paralyzed the world, with the origin being the Chinese city of Wuhan. By March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 a pandemic.  The dire consequences of this disease were reflected in a historic global recession, and in the health field, SARS-CoV-2 had wreaked havoc, especially in the elderly, due to worse manifestations and higher mortality rates. As a result, most countries were able to curb the spread of the virus by imposing mandatory measures such as not leaving their homes and very strict timetables. Among the measures considered was the closure of educational institutions, including universities. At that time, there was a paradigm shift in the way educators had to change the way they taught classes by making use of various online platforms. Online, distance and continuing education learning became a panacea for this unprecedented global pandemic for both educators and students. In this review, a passage is made through the different scenarios experienced by the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account several objectives such as: the COVID-19, and the case of universities, the educational transition: from face-to-face to virtuality, challenges and opportunities after the pandemic, and last but not least, how the Peruvian State, was able to cope with the pandemic of Covid-19, and the challenges that should continue to be considered after the pandemic.


Texto completo:

PDF (English) PDF (English)

Referencias


Abelskamp, G.E. & Santamarinam, J.C. (2020) Academia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study within the Geo-Science and Engineering Field. http://alertgeomaterials.eu/data/posts/Abelskamp_ and_Santamarina_2020_Academia_During_COVID19Pandemic.pdf

Aristovnik, A., Damijana Keržiˇc, D., Ravšelj, D., Tomaževiˇc, N. & Ume, L. (2020). Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Life of Higher Education Students: A Global Perspective. Sustainability 12, 8438. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208438

Ashri, D., Sahoo, B.P. & Kaur, S. (2020) Digitalisation of traditional classrooms: a students' perspective. International Journal of Science Education, 31 (1-3), 75-82. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3841730

Aslam, F. (2020) COVID-19 and Importance of Social Distancing. Preprints 2020, 2020040078, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202004.0078.v1

Basilaia, G., & Kvavadze, D. (2020). Transition to online education in schools during a SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Georgia. Pedagogical Research, 5(4), 10. Disponible en; https://doi.org/10.29333/pr/7937

Brooks, S.K., Webster, R.K., Smith, L.E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N. & Rubin, G.J.(2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 395, 912–920. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8

Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J. & Zheng, J. (2020) The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 287, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934

Congress of Perú (2014). University law. law 30220. 2014; p. 29. https://leyes.congreso.gob.pe/Documentos/Leyes/13417.pdf

Crawford, J., Butler-Henderson, K., Rudolph, J., Malkawi, B., Glowatz, M., Burton, R., Magni, P. & Lam S. (2020). COVID-19: 20 countries’ higher education intra-period digital pedagogy responses. Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 3(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.37074/jalt.2020.3.1.7

Dabbagh, N (2007). The online learner: Characteristics and pedagogical implications. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education 7, 217-226. https://citejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/v7i3general1.pdf

De Vincenzi, A (2020). Del aula presencial al aula virtual universitaria en contexto de pandemia de COVID-19. Avances de una experiencia universitaria en carreras presenciales adaptadas a la modalidad virtual. Debate Universitario, 8 (16), 67-7. https://uai.edu.ar/media/115153/4-del-aula-presencial-al-aula-virtual-universitaria-en-contexto-de-pandemia-covid-19.pdf

Departmento de Eduación de Los EE.UU (2020). Use of Technology in Teaching and Learning. https://www.ed.gov/oii-news/use-technology-teaching-and-learning

Doucet, A., Netolicky, D., Timmers, K., & Tuscano, F. J. (2020). Thinking about pedagogy in an unfolding pandemic (An Independent Report on Approaches to Distance Learning during COVID-19 School Closure). Work of Education International and UNESCO. https://issuu.com/educationinternational/docs/2020_research_covid-19_eng

Elfirdoussi, S. et al. (2020). Assessing distance learning in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education Research International, (13), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8890633

Eurofound (2020). Living, Working and COVID-19: First findings—April 2020. https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/report/2020/living-working-and-covid-19-first-findings-april-2020

Fernández-Batanero, J.M., Montenegro-Rueda, M., Fernández-Cerero. & Tadeu, JP (2022). Online education in higher education: emerging solutions in crisis times. 8(8), e10139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10139

Flores-Cueto, J. J., Hernández, R. M., & Garay-Argandoña, R. (2020). Tecnologías de información: Acceso a internet y brecha digital en Perú. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 25(90), 504-527.

García-García, MD. (2020). La docencia desde el hogar. Una alternativa necesaria en tiempos del Covid 19. Polo del Conocimiento, 5 (4), 304-32. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7398376

Goldman, R.D. (2020) Coronavirus disease 2019 in children: Surprising findings in the midst of a global pandemic. Can. Fam. Physician. 66, 332–334. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7219801

Gros, B., Sánchez Valero, JA., Garcia, I. & Alonso Cano, C. (2020). Four decades of policies to integrate digital technologies in the classroom in Catalonia: Actions, achievements and failures. Digital Education Review, 79-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1344/der.2020.37.79-95

Ho, IMK., Cheong, KY. & Weldon, A. (2021). Predicting student satisfaction of emergency remote learning in higher education during COVID-19 using machine learning techniques. PLoS One, 16, (4),0249423. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249423

Honorato, E., Machado, A., Therense, M., Martins, G., Marangoni, V. & Lemos, S. (2020) Waves of Mental Health Demands During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Preprints 2020050255. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0255.v1

IESALC-UNESCO (2020). El coronavirus-19 y la educación superior: impacto y recomendaciones. https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/2020/04/02/el-coronavirus-covid-19-y-la-educacion-superior-impacto-y-recomendaciones

Jeong, JS. & González, A. (2021) A stem course analysis during COVID-19: a comparison study in performance and affective domain of PSTs between F2F and F2S flipped classroom, Frontiers Psychology, 12, Article e669855. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.669855/full

Lin, M. & Chen, H. (2017) A study of the effects of digital learning on learning motivation and learning outcome. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 13, 3553-3564. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2017.00744a

Liu, J.J., Bao, Y., Huang, X., Shi, J. & Lu, L. (2020) Mental health considerations for children quarantined because of COVID-19. Lancet Child Adolescente Health 4, 347–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2352-4642(20)30096-1

Manrique Maldonado, K., Arcos Masteche, G., Cabrera Ríos, G. & Bonilla Gómez, M. (2021). La pandemia y su impacto en la educación superior. El uso de la tecnología por los estudiantes de la Facultad de Comunicación y Mercadotecnia de la UAGro Cuadernos Pedagogicos Universitarios, 18 (35), 6-17. https://doi.org/10.29197/cpu.v18i35.408

Mendoza, O., Bringas, T. & Saavedra, L. (2020. Perspectives of the use of ICT for the teaching-learning process among Peruvian university students and lecturers during the COVID-19 pandemic. WAIE, Montreal, QC, Canada. https://doi.org/10.1145/3447490.3447500

Mori, J. (2020). Covid 19 y el sistema universitario. Resultado de la segunda llamada de la encuesta telefónica COVID-19 del estudio longitudinal Niños del Milenio..

OWD (2020). Policy Responses to the Coronavirus Pandemic. https://ourworldindata.org/policy-responses-covid

Owusu-Fordjour, C., Koomson, C.K., & Hanson, D. (2020) The impact of COVID-19 on learning—The perspective of the Ghanaian student. European Journal of Education Studies, 7(3), 1–14. https://oapub.org/edu/index.php/ejes/article/view/3000

Petrie, C. (2020). Spotlight: Quality education for all during COVID-19 crisis (hundrED Research Report #01). United Nations. https://hundred.org/en/collections/qualityeducation-for-all-during-coronavirus

Pokhrel, S. & Chhetri, R. ( 2021). A Literature Review on Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Teaching and Learning. Higher Education for the Future 8(1) 133–141. https://doi.org/10.1177/2347631120983481

Quinteiro, JA., Moreno, R., Bona, A. & Capilla, A (2020). Covid-19 y la educación superior: impacto y recomendaciones. Unesco-Iesalc. https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/2020/07/06/seminario-web-regional-no11-el-covid-19-y-la-educacion-superior-impacto-y-recomendaciones

Rojas, V. (2021). Educación superior en tiempos de pandemia. Grupo de Análisis para el desarrollo.

Rose, S. (2020) Medical Student Education in the Time of COVID-19. JAMA, 323, 2131–2132. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.5227

Statista3. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Work and Studies in Singapore as of March 2020. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1112253/singapore-impact-on-jobs-and-studies-during-covid-19/

Suarez-Rodríguez, J., Almerich, G., Díaz-García, I. & Fernández-Piqueras, R. (2012). The ICT skills of teachers. influence of personal and contextual factors. Universitas Psychologica 11(1), 293-309.

Sun, Y., Li, N., Hao, J.L., Di Sarno, L. & Wang, L. (2022). Post-COVID-19 Development of Transnational Education in China: Challenges and Opportunities. Education Sciences, 12(6), 416. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12060416

U.S (2020). Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis. Gross Domestic Product, 2nd Quarter 2020 (Advance Estimate) and Annual Update. https://www.bea.gov/data/gdp/gross-domesticproduct

UNESCO (2020). COVID-19: 10 Recommendations to Plan Distance Learning Solutions, UNESCO. https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/covid-19-10-recommendations-plan-distance-learning-solutions

UNESCO IESALC. (2020) COVID-19 and higher education: Today and tomorrow. impact analysis, policy responses and recommendations. UNESCO IESALC, 1-44. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000375693

UNESCO. (2020) Covid-19 Impact on Education. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse

Vilela, P., Sánchez, J. & Chau, C. (2021). Desafíos de la educación superior en el Perú durante la pandemia por la covid-19. Desde el Sur, 13(2), e0016. https://dx.doi.org/10.21142/des-1302-2021-0016

WHO (2020a) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-2019) Situation Reports. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports

WHO (2020b) Director-General’s Opening Remarks at the Media Briefing on COVID-19. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-themedia-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21902/Revrima.v6i40.6347

Enlaces refback

  • No hay ningún enlace refback.




Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual e-ISSN: 2316-2880

Rua Chile, 1678, Rebouças, Curitiba/PR (Brasil). CEP 80.220-181

Licença Creative Commons

Este obra está licenciado com uma Licença Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional.