AMBIENTALISMO DE DIREITA E DE ESQUERDA: EVOLUÇÃO E TENDÊNCIAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO

Elena Karatueva

Resumo


Objetivo: O artigo analisa a evolução do ambientalismo, desde um movimento focado na preservação do meio ambiente até seu uso para fins políticos. Examina a radicalização dos movimentos ambientalistas de direita e de esquerda, mostrando como se transformaram em ideologias mais extremas, incluindo o eco-terrorismo.

Métodos: O estudo utiliza análises de conteúdo qualitativas e quantitativas e dados estatísticos do Global Terrorism Database. A análise foca em organizações terroristas que visam recursos naturais, assim como grupos ambientalistas radicais.

Resultados:

  • O artigo descreve a transformação do ambientalismo de direita em ecofascismo, que utiliza questões ambientais como disfarce para ideologias nacionalistas e anti-imigração.
  • Também examina o ambientalismo de esquerda, que se tornou cada vez mais radical, com grupos como o Earth Liberation Front (ELF) recorrendo à violência e ação direta contra o capitalismo industrial.
  • A análise sugere que ambas as vertentes do ambientalismo se afastaram da verdadeira proteção ambiental para seguir agendas políticas.

Conclusão: Tanto o ambientalismo de direita quanto o de esquerda evoluíram para movimentos mais radicais, com o eco-terrorismo se tornando uma ameaça significativa. O artigo destaca o uso crescente de questões ambientais para justificar ações violentas, tanto para objetivos anticapitalistas quanto nacionalistas.


Palavras-chave


Terrorismo ambiental; Eco-terrorismo; Radicalismo ambiental; Proteção ambiental; Eco-fascismo; Jihadismo

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Referências


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21902/Revrima.v3i45.7302

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