Ocultar
Exibir todos
Enviar artigo via e-mail EXPORT OF RUSSIAN EDUCATION AS A SOFT POWER INSTRUMENT: OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS
Resumo
Background: The article is devoted to a controversial and topical topic: the export of Russian education as an instrument of the "soft power" of the state. Objective: The purpose of the article is to consider the existing prospects for the spread of Russian education in the world. Methods: The methodological basis of the research is the method of comparative historical analysis, which makes it possible to identify the cause-and-effect relationships of the problem. Within the framework of the article, the author relies on the works of both theorists of "soft power" - such as J. Nye - and researchers who directly addressed the problem of the role of education in the development of the soft power of the state - such as A. Amirbek, E.V. Klyushnikova and L.N. Skakovskaya. Results: The problem investigated in the article is the role of Russian education in the world - and the need to develop the export of Russian education to other states. The Russian educational system is promising and competitive - the legacy of the USSR is felt, the educational system of which was one of the leading in the world. Conclusion: The ways and directions of the export of Russian education need serious debugging: especially within the framework of various anti-Russian sanctions by Western countries and information confrontation imposed on Russia in the international arena.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
PDF (English)Referências
Amirbek, A., & Kanat, Y. K. (2014). Education as a Soft Power Instrument of Foreign Policy. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 143, 501-503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.423
Arefiev, A.L. (ed.). (2020). Export of Russian educational services. Statistical collection. Issue 10. Moscow. Available at: http://conf.rudn.ru/conf/vice-rector-2020/data/Sb_N_10_001_557_16_11_2020_Ispr_5.pdf
Cowan, G. & Arsenault, A. (2008). Moving from Monologue to Dialogue to Collaboration: The Three Layers of Public Diplomacy. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 616(1), 10-30 https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716207311863
Docplayer. (2019). Passport of the Federal Project ‘Export of Education’. Docplayer. Available at: https://docplayer.com/135776150-P-a-s-p-o-r-t-federalnogo-proekta-eksport-obrazovaniya-1-osnovnye-polozheniya.html
Dougherty, J. (2013) Russia’s Soft Power Strategy. MA Thesis. Georgetown University.
Federal State Statistics Service. (2019). Russia in Numbers. Rosstat. Available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/rus19.pdf
Ferguson, N. (2004). Colossus: The Rise and Fall of the American Empire. London: Penguin Books.
Gallarotti, G. (2011). Soft Power: What it is, Why It's Important, and the Conditions Under Which It Can Be Effectively Used. Journal of Political Power, 4, 25-47. https://doi.org/10.1080/2158379X.2011.557886
Gallup (2021). Russia. Gallup. Available at: https://news.gallup.com/poll/1642/russia.aspx
Garant (2013). Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 8, 2013 No. 891 ‘On the Establishment of a Quota for the Education of Foreign Citizens and Stateless Persons in the Russian Federation’. Garant. Available at: http://base.garant.ru/70468236/
Garant (2020). Passport of the National Project ‘Education’. Approved by the Presidium of the Council for Strategic Development and National Projects under the President of the Russian Federation (Minutes of December 24, 2018, No. 16). Garant. Available at: http://base.garant.ru/72192486/
Gokhberg, L.M. (2020). Science indicators: 2020: statistical collection [Nat. issled. University Higher School of Economics]. Moscow: NRU HSE.
HSE (2019). Changellenge >>: Students of Top Universities are not Satisfied with Outdated Curricula. HSE. Available at: https://career.hse.ru/news/284815461.html
Huang, Ch. (2020). Views of Russia and Putin remain negative across 14 nations. Pew Research Center. Available at: https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/12/16/views-of-russia-and-putin-remain-negative-across-14-nations
Kharitonova, E.M. (2015). Soft Power Effectiveness: Problem of Evaluation. Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya, 6, 48-58. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-6-48-58
Kharkevich, M.V. (2014). Soft Power: Political Use of a Scientific Concept. MGIMO Review of International Relations, 2(35), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-2-35-22-29
Klyushnikova, E.V., & Skakovskaya, L.N. (2018). Problems of Russian Education’s Export. Vestnik TvGU. Seriya ‘Pedagogika i psikhologiya’, 2, 92-101
Konstantinov, A. (2019). At the Bottom of Knowledge. Expert. Available at: https://expert.ru/russian_reporter/2019/16/na-dne-znanij/
Krasnova, G. (2019). Foreign Students are Counted in the Fall. Novaya gazeta. Available at: https://www.ng.ru/nauka/2019-11-26/11_7736_students.html
Kroenig, M., McAdam, M., & Weber S. (2010). Taking Soft Power Seriously. Comparative Strategy, 29(5), 412-431. https://doi.org/10.1080/01495933.2010.520986
Lebedeva, M.M. & Faure, J. (2009). Higher education as the potential of "soft power" of Russia. Vestnik MGIMO (U), 6, 200-205. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2009-6-9-200-205
Lebedeva, M.M. (2017). Soft Power: The Concept and Approaches. MGIMO Review of International Relations, 3(54), 212-223. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2017-3-54-212-223
Leonova, O.G. (2013). Soft power is a resource of foreign policy of the state. Scientific-analytical journal Observer, 4, 27-40.
Leonova, O.G. (2015). Interpretation of the concept of "soft power" in science. Scientific-analytical journal Observer, 2(301), 80-89.
Li, M. (2008). China Debates Soft Power. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2(2), 287-308. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjip/pon011
Ligorio, V. (2019). Russia’s Shadow Foreign Policy: “Soft Power” and International Education. European Science, 5(47), 83-91.
Lukes, S. (2005). Power and the Battle for Hearts and Minds: On the Bluntness of Soft Power. Millennium – Journal of International Studies, 33, 477-493. https://doi.org/10.1177/03058298050330031201
Nagornova, M.G. (2020). Main Aspects of Higher Education Attractiveness at the Higher Education Institutions of Russia for International Students in Frames of the Educational Export. Forum molodykh uchenykh, 7(47), 206-210.
Nikitina, Y.A. (2014). Russian Approach to Soft Power Promotion: Conceptual Approaches in Foreign Policy. Review of International Relations, 2(35). https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-2-35-30-35
Nye, J. (1990). Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power. New York: Basic Books.
Nye, J. (2011). The Future of Power. New York: Public Affairs, 2011.
Ostashova, Ya. (2020). Higher Education as a Soft Power Tool of State's Foreign Policy. Proceedings of the International Conference Digital Age: Traditions, Modernity and Innovations (ICDATMI 2020) (pp. 259-264). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201212.053
Panova, E.P. (2012). “Softpower” as a means of influencing worldpolitics. Ph.D. thesis in political science. Moscow: MGIMO.
Putin, V. (2012). Russia and the Changing World. Moskovskiye Novosti. Available at: http://www.mn.ru/politics/78738
QS Community. (2021). QS World University Rankings 2021. Top Universities. Available at: https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2021
QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited (2021). QS Stars University Ratings. Top Universities. Available at: https://www.topuniversities.com/qs-stars#sorting=overall+country=+rating=5+order=asc+orderby=uni+search=
RBC. (2019). FSB for the First Time Disclosed Data on Those Who Come to Study in Russia. RBK. Available at: https://www.rbc.ru/society/19/08/2019/5d5694d89a79471a151e5e5f
RIA Novosti. (2020). Lavrov Told What the American ‘Soft Power" is Famous for. RIA Novosti. Available at: https://ria.ru/20200917/lavrov-1577408994.html
Rusakova, O.F. (2015) Soft power: theory, resources, discourse. Yekaterinburg: Publishing House "Discourse-Pi".
Shchukina, T.V. (2020). Digital Learning Environment and Artificial Intelligence in the Higher Education System under Conditions of Export of Education. Proceedings of the XIII international scientific and practical conference «Nauka. Informatizatsiya. Tekhnologii. Obrazovaniye» (pp. 186-197), Yekaterinburg, February 24-28, 2020. Yekaterinburg: RGPPU Publishing House, 2020.
Shestakov, E. (2008). Soft power (interview with Sergey Lavrov). Rossiyskaya gazeta. Available at: http://www.rg.ru/2008/10/30/lavrov.html
Sociocentr (2021). Tuition fees in Russia. Study in Russia. Available at: https://studyinrussia.ru/study-in-russia/cost-of-education-in-russia/#:~:text=Обучение%20на%20очном%20отделении%20бакалавриата,12%20570%20долларов)%20в%20год
Study in Russia (2021). Courses and Programs in English. Study in Russia. Available at: https://studyinrussia.ru/study-in-russia/study-in-english/
TASS (2019). Golikova: Education System in Russia Does not Meet Demands of Labor Market. TASS. Available at: https://tass.ru/ekonomika/6522238
Torkunov, A.V. (2012). Education as a Soft Power Tool in Russian Foreign Policy. MGIMO Review of International Relations, 4(25), 85-93. https://doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2012-4-25-85-93
Tsvyk, G.I. (2018). Cultural diplomacy in modern international relations (on the example of Russia and China). Bulletin of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Series: General History, 10(2), 135-144. https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-8127-2018-10-2-135-144
United Nations (2021). Population. United Nations. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population
Wilson, J.L. (2015). Soft Power: A Comparison of Discourse and Practice in Russia and China. Europe-Asia Studies, 67(8), 1171-1202. https://doi.org/10.1080/09668136.2015.1078108
Wojciuk, A., & Michaіek, M. (2015). Education as a Source and Tool of Soft Power in International Relations. European Political Science, 14(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1057/eps.2015.25
Yang, R. (2007). China’s Soft Power Projection in Higher Education. International Higher Education, 46, 24–25. https://doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2007.46.7938
Zhuravleva, M. (2020). Lavrov on the Russian Federation and the United States: ‘For all the Irreparable Situation, We Cooperate Well in a Number of Areas’. Radio ‘Komsomol'skaya pravda’. Available at: https://radiokp.ru/politika/lavrov-o-rf-i-ssha-pri-vsey-nepopravimoy-situacii-po-ryadu-napravleniy-sotrudnichaem-neplokho_nid82542_au1914au
Zvezdina, P., & Serkov, S. (2018). HSE Rector Criticized New Educational Standards. RBK. Available at: https://www.rbc.ru/newspaper/2018/03/21/5ab0e8029a7947836a9dd162
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21902/Revrima.v2i35.5718
Apontamentos
- Não há apontamentos.
Revista Relações Internacionais do Mundo Atual e-ISSN: 2316-2880
Rua Chile, 1678, Rebouças, Curitiba/PR (Brasil). CEP 80.220-181
